Urgent action to find a disappeared person
Committee on Enforced Disappearances
- Which States it covers
- The State must be party to the Convention on Enforced Disappearance. No declaration is needed.
- Who can file
- Relatives of the disappeared person, their legal representatives or lawyers, anyone they authorise, or any other person with a legitimate interest.
- Time limit
- As soon as possible.
- Do I need to use national courts first?
- The disappearance must first have been reported to the competent national authorities, where this is possible.
- Good to know
- The request must be in writing and cannot be anonymous. The disappearance must have happened after the Convention entered into force for the State, and no other international urgent procedure can be dealing with the same person. Requests are sent by email to ohchr-ced-ua@un.org.
- How long it usually takes (estimate)
- The Committee generally registers a request within 48 hours.
- What it can achieve
- The Committee asks the State to search for and locate the person at once, and can request interim and protection measures.
- Do I need a lawyer?
- No. You can file the complaint yourself. Just Access e.V. offers free guidance at contact@just-access.de.
- What if my situation is urgent?
- This procedure is itself the urgent option. You can also ask for protection of relatives, witnesses and lawyers.
- Privacy and safety
- The request cannot be anonymous, but the identity of the person who submits it is kept confidential.
- What happens after the decision?
- The Committee keeps working with the State for as long as the person has not been found.
This portal is a first source of ideas, not a substitute for expert advice. Before you take any step, talk to a human rights lawyer, for example the team of lawyers at Just Access e.V. (contact@just-access.de).
Source: Official information.Last updated: 10 November 2026.
Where it is open
- AfghanistanNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- AlbaniaAvailable
In force for Albania since 23 December 2010
Ratified on 8 November 2007
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- AlgeriaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- AndorraNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- AngolaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Antigua and BarbudaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- ArgentinaAvailable
In force for Argentina since 23 December 2010
Ratified on 14 December 2007
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- ArmeniaAvailable
In force for Armenia since 23 February 2011
Ratified on 24 January 2011
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- AustraliaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- AustriaAvailable
In force for Austria since 7 July 2012
Ratified on 7 June 2012
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- AzerbaijanNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Bahamas (The)Not available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- BahrainNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- BangladeshAvailable
In force for Bangladesh since 29 September 2024
Acceded on 30 August 2024
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- BarbadosNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- BelarusNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- BelgiumAvailable
In force for Belgium since 2 July 2011
Ratified on 2 June 2011
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- BelizeAvailable
In force for Belize since 13 September 2015
Acceded on 14 August 2015
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- BeninAvailable
In force for Benin since 2 December 2017
Ratified on 2 November 2017
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- BhutanNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Bolivia (Plurinational State of)Available
In force for Bolivia (Plurinational State of) since 23 December 2010
Ratified on 17 December 2008
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Bosnia and HerzegovinaAvailable
In force for Bosnia and Herzegovina since 29 April 2012
Ratified on 30 March 2012
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- BotswanaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- BrazilAvailable
In force for Brazil since 29 December 2010
Ratified on 29 November 2010
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Brunei DarussalamNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- BulgariaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Burkina FasoAvailable
In force for Burkina Faso since 23 December 2010
Ratified on 3 December 2009
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- BurundiNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Cabo VerdeAvailable
In force for Cabo Verde since 19 January 2023
Ratified on 20 December 2022
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- CambodiaAvailable
In force for Cambodia since 27 July 2013
Acceded on 27 June 2013
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- CameroonNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- CanadaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Central African RepublicAvailable
In force for Central African Republic since 10 November 2016
Acceded on 11 October 2016
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- ChadNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- ChileAvailable
In force for Chile since 23 December 2010
Ratified on 8 December 2009
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- ChinaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- ColombiaAvailable
In force for Colombia since 10 August 2012
Ratified on 11 July 2012
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- ComorosNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- CongoNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Cook IslandsNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Costa RicaAvailable
In force for Costa Rica since 17 March 2012
Ratified on 16 February 2012
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Côte d'IvoireAvailable
In force for Côte d'Ivoire since 6 July 2024
Acceded on 6 June 2024
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- CroatiaAvailable
In force for Croatia since 2 March 2022
Ratified on 31 January 2022
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- CubaAvailable
In force for Cuba since 23 December 2010
Ratified on 2 February 2009
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- CyprusNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Czech RepublicAvailable
In force for Czech Republic since 10 March 2017
Ratified on 8 February 2017
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Democratic People's Republic of KoreaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Democratic Republic of the CongoNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- DenmarkAvailable
In force for Denmark since 12 February 2022
Ratified on 13 January 2022
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- DjiboutiNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- DominicaAvailable
In force for Dominica since 12 June 2019
Acceded on 13 May 2019
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Dominican RepublicNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- EcuadorAvailable
In force for Ecuador since 23 December 2010
Ratified on 20 October 2009
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- EgyptNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- El SalvadorNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Equatorial GuineaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- EritreaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- EstoniaAvailable
In force for Estonia since 12 February 2026
Acceded on 13 January 2026
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- EswatiniNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- EthiopiaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- FijiAvailable
In force for Fiji since 18 September 2019
Acceded on 19 August 2019
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- FinlandAvailable
In force for Finland since 23 April 2023
Ratified on 24 March 2023
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- FranceAvailable
In force for France since 23 December 2010
Ratified on 23 September 2008
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- GabonAvailable
In force for Gabon since 18 February 2011
Ratified on 19 January 2011
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- GambiaAvailable
In force for Gambia since 28 October 2018
Ratified on 28 September 2018
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- GeorgiaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- GermanyAvailable
In force for Germany since 23 December 2010
Ratified on 24 September 2009
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- GhanaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- GreeceAvailable
In force for Greece since 8 August 2015
Ratified on 9 July 2015
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 236)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- GrenadaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- GuatemalaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- GuineaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Guinea-BissauNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- GuyanaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- HaitiNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Holy SeeNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- HondurasAvailable
In force for Honduras since 23 December 2010
Ratified on 1 April 2008
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- HungaryNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- IcelandNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- IndiaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- IndonesiaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Iran (Islamic Republic of)Not available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- IraqAvailable
In force for Iraq since 23 December 2010
Acceded on 23 November 2010
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- IrelandNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- IsraelNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- ItalyAvailable
In force for Italy since 7 November 2015
Ratified on 8 October 2015
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- JamaicaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- JapanAvailable
In force for Japan since 23 December 2010
Ratified on 23 July 2009
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- JordanNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- KazakhstanAvailable
In force for Kazakhstan since 23 December 2010
Acceded on 27 February 2009
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- KenyaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- KiribatiNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- KuwaitNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- KyrgyzstanNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Lao People's Democratic RepublicNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- LatviaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- LebanonNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- LesothoAvailable
In force for Lesotho since 5 January 2014
Ratified on 6 December 2013
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- LiberiaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- LibyaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- LiechtensteinNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- LithuaniaAvailable
In force for Lithuania since 13 September 2013
Ratified on 14 August 2013
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- LuxembourgAvailable
In force for Luxembourg since 1 May 2022
Ratified on 1 April 2022
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- MadagascarNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- MalawiAvailable
In force for Malawi since 13 August 2017
Acceded on 14 July 2017
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- MalaysiaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- MaldivesAvailable
In force for Maldives since 30 August 2023
Ratified on 31 July 2023
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- MaliAvailable
In force for Mali since 23 December 2010
Ratified on 1 July 2009
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- MaltaAvailable
In force for Malta since 26 April 2015
Ratified on 27 March 2015
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Marshall IslandsNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- MauritaniaAvailable
In force for Mauritania since 2 November 2012
Ratified on 3 October 2012
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- MauritiusNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- MexicoAvailable
In force for Mexico since 23 December 2010
Ratified on 18 March 2008
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Micronesia (Federated States of)Not available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- MonacoNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- MongoliaAvailable
In force for Mongolia since 14 March 2015
Ratified on 12 February 2015
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- MontenegroAvailable
In force for Montenegro since 20 October 2011
Ratified on 20 September 2011
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- MoroccoAvailable
In force for Morocco since 13 June 2013
Ratified on 14 May 2013
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- MozambiqueNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- MyanmarNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- NamibiaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- NauruNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- NepalNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Netherlands (Kingdom of the)Available
In force for Netherlands (Kingdom of the) since 22 April 2011
Ratified on 23 March 2011
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- New ZealandNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- NicaraguaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- NigerAvailable
In force for Niger since 23 August 2015
Ratified on 24 July 2015
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- NigeriaAvailable
In force for Nigeria since 23 December 2010
Acceded on 27 July 2009
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- North MacedoniaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- NorwayAvailable
In force for Norway since 21 September 2019
Ratified on 22 August 2019
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- OmanAvailable
In force for Oman since 12 July 2020
Acceded on 12 June 2020
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- PakistanNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- PalauNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- PanamaAvailable
In force for Panama since 24 July 2011
Ratified on 24 June 2011
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Papua New GuineaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- ParaguayAvailable
In force for Paraguay since 23 December 2010
Ratified on 3 August 2010
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- PeruAvailable
In force for Peru since 26 October 2012
Acceded on 26 September 2012
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- PhilippinesNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- PolandAvailable
In force for Poland since 29 January 2025
Ratified on 30 December 2024
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- PortugalAvailable
In force for Portugal since 26 February 2014
Ratified on 27 January 2014
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- QatarNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Republic of KoreaAvailable
In force for Republic of Korea since 3 February 2023
Acceded on 4 January 2023
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Republic of MoldovaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- RomaniaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Russian FederationNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- RwandaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Sahrawi Arab Democratic RepublicNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Saint Kitts and NevisNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Saint LuciaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- SamoaAvailable
In force for Samoa since 27 December 2012
Ratified on 27 November 2012
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- San MarinoNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Sao Tome and PrincipeNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Saudi ArabiaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- SenegalAvailable
In force for Senegal since 23 December 2010
Ratified on 11 December 2008
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- SerbiaAvailable
In force for Serbia since 17 June 2011
Ratified on 18 May 2011
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- SeychellesAvailable
In force for Seychelles since 17 February 2017
Acceded on 18 January 2017
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Sierra LeoneNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- SingaporeNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- SlovakiaAvailable
In force for Slovakia since 14 January 2015
Ratified on 15 December 2014
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- SloveniaAvailable
In force for Slovenia since 14 January 2022
Ratified on 15 December 2021
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Solomon IslandsNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- SomaliaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- South AfricaAvailable
In force for South Africa since 13 June 2024
Acceded on 14 May 2024
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- South SudanNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- SpainAvailable
In force for Spain since 23 December 2010
Ratified on 24 September 2009
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Sri LankaAvailable
In force for Sri Lanka since 24 June 2016
Ratified on 25 May 2016
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- State of PalestineNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- SudanAvailable
In force for Sudan since 9 September 2021
Acceded on 10 August 2021
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- SurinameNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- SwedenNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- SwitzerlandAvailable
In force for Switzerland since 1 January 2017
Ratified on 2 December 2016
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Syrian Arab RepublicNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- TajikistanNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- ThailandAvailable
In force for Thailand since 13 June 2024
Ratified on 14 May 2024
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Timor-LesteNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- TogoAvailable
In force for Togo since 20 August 2014
Ratified on 21 July 2014
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- TongaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Trinidad and TobagoNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- TunisiaAvailable
In force for Tunisia since 29 July 2011
Ratified on 29 June 2011
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- TürkiyeNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- TurkmenistanNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- TuvaluNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- UgandaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- UkraineAvailable
In force for Ukraine since 13 September 2015
Acceded on 14 August 2015
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- United Arab EmiratesNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- United Republic of TanzaniaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- United States of AmericaNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- UruguayAvailable
In force for Uruguay since 23 December 2010
Ratified on 4 March 2009
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- UzbekistanNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- VanuatuNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)Not available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- Viet NamNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- YemenNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- ZambiaAvailable
In force for Zambia since 4 May 2011
Ratified on 4 April 2011
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)(PDF p. 237)Last updated: 10 November 2026.
- ZimbabweNot available
Not available: no ratification or declaration in the official record
Source: UN Treaty Collection, Chapter IV (IV-16)Last updated: 10 November 2026.